Neonatal sepsis
Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of neonatal death. Newborns are at increased risk for sepsis due to low immunity. Newborns can get early sepsis within 72 hours of birth. Late sepsis can occur from 72 hours to 28 days of age.
The risk of neonatal sepsis is significantly increased under the following conditions
- Preterm delivery
- Premature rupture of membranes> 18 hours before birth (PROM> 18 hours)
- Infection with amniotic fluid (chorioamnionitis)
- Group B streptococcal colonization during pregnancy
- The mother suffers from fever 2 weeks before delivery.
- Hardest delivery
- Maternal urinary tract infection
Symptoms of neonatal sepsis:
Neonate suffering from sepsis usually has the following symptoms:
- Laziness
- Feed denial
- Shortness of breath
- Sudden movements decrease
- Convulsions (meningitis)
- Skin Blemishes (> 10)
- Low body temperature (hypothermia) or fever (hyperthermia)
Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis:
Physicians perform the following tests to diagnose neonatal sepsis:
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- C-reactive protein (CRP)
- Blood culture and sensitivity
- Pelvic puncture
- Chest X-ray for infants with respiratory distress
Treatment of neonatal sepsis:
The course of sepsis treatment is determined by the doctor based on the following factors:
- Neonate age, general condition and risk factors
- Scope of infection
Early treatment is crucial in the case of sepsis. Treatment of neonatal sepsis includes intravenous antibiotics and other symptomatic therapies. Strict asepsis guidelines should be implemented in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
Early initiation of breast milk can help improve neonate immunity. It helps fight infection and thereby reduces hospital stay and discharge time.